HB2023 - List of Keywords (lattice)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOA3I3	High-Power Targetry and the IMPACT Initiative at Paul Scherrer Institute	target, radiation, operation, proton	30
	D.C. Kiselev PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	The main challenges to operate a high-power target are dissipation of the heat and radiation damage. The latter refers to the damage of the material. Since the breakdown of the material depends on the operation temperature and other conditions, like the material treatment before irradiation, it is difficult to predict. To reduce failures, target operation parameters and beam properties have to be monitored carefully. After the failure of the neutron spallation target (SINQ) in 2016, several improvements in the HIPA (High intensity Proton Accelerator) beam line at PSI and the target installation were implemented. However, MW beams are not a prerequisite for the need of high power targets. This is the case at one of the two new target stations within the IMPACT initiative at PSI. One target station will produce radionuclides for research in cancer therapy, while the other will improve the surface muon rate by a factor of 100 for experiments in particle and material physics. In this presentation, strategies for successful operation of high-power targets are shown. Furthermore, the IMPACT initiative at PSI, with focus on the two planned target stations, will be presented.
	Slides MOA3I3 [4.909 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-MOA3I3
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 20 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOA4I1	Design of a Fixed-Field Accelerating Ring for High Power Applications	injection, extraction, synchrotron, resonance	38
	S. Machida STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	A fixed field accelerating ring (FFA) has some advantage to achieve high beam power over conventional ring accelerators. It would be also a sustainable option as future proton drivers. We will discuss the design of an FFA taking a future upgrade plan of ISIS (ISIS-II) as an example.
	Slides MOA4I1 [14.313 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-MOA4I1
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 15 October 2023 — Issued ※ 21 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUA2I1	Xsuite: An Integrated Beam Physics Simulation Framework	simulation, optics, space-charge, radiation	73
	G. Iadarola, A. Abramov, X. Buffat, R. De Maria, D. Demetriadou, L. Deniau, P.D. Hermes, P. Kicsiny, P.M. Kruyt, A. Latina, S. Łopaciuk, L. Mether, K. Paraschou, T. Pieloni, G. Sterbini, F.F. Van der Veken CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland P. Belanger UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada D. Di Croce, M. Seidel, L. van Riesen-Haupt EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland P.J. Niedermayer GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Xsuite is a newly developed modular simulation package combining in a single flexible and modern framework the capabilities of different tools developed at CERN in the past decades, notably Sixtrack, Sixtracklib, COMBI and PyHEADTAIL. The suite is made of a set of python modules (Xobjects, Xparts, Xtrack, Xcoll, Xfields, Xdpes) that can be flexibly combined together and with other accelerator-specific and general-purpose python tools to study complex simulation scenarios. The code allows for symplectic modeling of the particle dynamics, combined with the effect of synchrotron radiation, impedances, feedbacks, space charge, electron cloud, beam-beam, beamstrahlung, electron lenses. For collimation studies, beam-matter interaction is simulated using the K2 scattering model or interfacing Xsuite with the BDSIM/Geant4 library. Tools are available to compute the accelerator optics functions from the tracking model and to generate particle distributions matched to the optics. Different computing platforms are supported, including conventional CPUs, as well as GPUs from different vendors.
	Slides TUA2I1 [4.388 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA2I1
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUC2C2	Evaluating PyORBIT as Unified Simulation Tool for Beam-Dynamics Modeling of the ESS Linac	simulation, DTL, EPICS, space-charge	102
	J.F. Esteban Müller, Y. Levinsen, N. Milas, C.Z. Zlatanov ESS, Lund, Sweden A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	The design of the ESS proton linac was supported by the simulation code TraceWin, a closed-source commercial software for accurate multiparticle simulations. Conversely, the high-level physics applications used for beam commissioning and machine tuning rely on the Open XAL framework and its online model for fast envelope simulations. In this paper, we evaluate PyORBIT for both online modeling of the linac for machine commissioning and tuning as well as for more accurate offline simulations for beam-dynamics studies. We present the modifications done to the code to adapt it to this use case, namely porting the code to Python 3, adding an envelope tracker, and integrating with the EPICS control systems. Finally, we show the results of benchmarking PyORBIT against our current modeling tools.
	Slides TUC2C2 [0.886 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2C2
About •	Received ※ 08 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 14 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUA4C1	Recent Progress in Loss Control for the ISIS High-Intensity RCS: Geodetic Modelling, Tune Control, and Optimisation	controls, operation, survey, quadrupole	153
	H. Rafique, E.K. Bansal, H.V. Cavanagh, C.M. Warsop STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	ISIS operates a high intensity 50 Hz rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS), accelerating up to 3 x 10¹³ protons from 70 to 800 MeV. Protons are delivered to one muon and two neutron targets over two target stations, totalling 0.2 MW of beam power, enabling around 1000 experiments for approximately 3500 users a year. Minimisation of beam loss and optimisation of its control are central to achieving the best facility performance with minimal machine activation. We summarise recent work aimed at improving loss control in the RCS. Using geodetic survey data we aim to develop lattice models with realistic magnet alignment errors in cpymad. Building on recent measurement campaigns a new and improved system of tune control has been developed and verified using enhanced lattice models with cpymad. More rigorous and quantitative measures of beam loss have been implemented in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) using the QT GUI toolkit python interface PyQT5, and streaming data using the messaging protocol MQTT, in order to optimise loss control.
	Slides TUA4C1 [6.044 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA4C1
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2023 — Revised ※ 13 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 16 October 2023 — Issued ※ 29 October 2023
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TUA4C2	Application of Programmable Trim Quadrupoles in Beam Commissioning of CSNS/RCS	quadrupole, neutron, MMI, injection	158
	Y. Li, C.D. Deng, S.Y. Xu DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China Y.W. An, X. Qi, S. Wang, Y.S. Yuan IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China H.Y. Liu IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
	The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) achieved its design power of 100 kW in 2020 and is currently stably operating at 140 kW after a series of measures. In the process of increasing beam power, 16 programmable trim quadrupoles were installed in the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) of CSNS to enable rapid variation of tunes, effective adjustment of Twiss parameters, and restoration of lattice superperiodicity through the machine cycle. This paper provides a detailed introduction to the design of the trim quadrupoles and preliminary results of the machine study. The beam experiments show that the trim quadrupoles play a crucial role in increasing beam power after exceeding 100 kW.
	Slides TUA4C2 [4.136 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA4C2
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA4C1	Beam Loss Studies in the CSNS Linac	linac, DTL, emittance, operation	297
	J. Peng, X.Y. Feng, Y. Han, H.C. Liu, X.B. Luo IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China S. Fu, M.Y. Huang, Y. Li, Z.P. Li, X. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Yuan IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China S.Y. Xu DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
	The China Spallation Neutron Source¿CSNS¿accelerator comprises an 80MeV linac and a 1.6GeV rapid cycling synchrotron. It started operation in 2018, and the beam power delivered to the target has increased from 20kW to 140kW, step by step. Various beam loss studies have been performed through the accelerator to improve the beam power and availability. For the CSNS linac, the primary source of the beam loss is the halo generated by beam mismatches. In the upgrade plan of the CSNS, the beam current will increase five times, which requires more strict beam loss control. Much work is done during the design phase to keep the loss down to 1W/m of loss limit. This paper will report results obtained from beam experiments and optimization methods applied to the CSNS linac upgrade design.
	Slides WEA4C1 [3.736 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-WEA4C1
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023
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THA1I3	Predominantly Electric Storage Ring with Nuclear Spin Control Capability	storage-ring, scattering, experiment, proton	338
	R.M. Talman Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	A predominantly electric storage ring with weak superimposed magnetic bending is shown to be capable of storing two different nuclear isotope bunches, such as helion and deuteron, co-traveling with different velocities on the same central orbit. ‘‘Rear-end’’ collisions occurring periodically in a full acceptance particle detector/polarimeter, allow the (previously inaccessible) direct measurement of the spin dependence of nuclear transmutation for center of mass (CM) kinetic energies ranging from hundreds of keV up toward pion production thresholds. These are ‘‘rear-end collisions’’ occurring as faster stored bunches pass through slower bunches. An inexpensive facility capable of meeting these requirements is described, with nuclear channel h + d arrow α + p as example.
	Slides THA1I3 [0.860 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THA1I3
About •	Received ※ 07 December 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 December 2023 — Issued ※ 25 December 2023
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THA2C3	Periodic Solution for Transport of Intense and Coupled Coasting Beams Through Quadrupole Channels	solenoid, coupling, space-charge, quadrupole	372
	C. Xiao, L. Groening GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Imposing defined spinning to a particle beam increases its stability against perturbations from space charge [Y.-L. Cheon et al., Effects of beam spinning on the fourth-order particle resonance of 3D bunched beams in high intensity linear accelerators, Phys. Rev. Accel. & Beams 25, 064002 (2022)]. In order to fully explore this potential, proper matching of intense coupled beams along regular lattices is mandatory. Herein, a novel procedure assuming matched transport is described and bench-marked through simulations. The concept of matched transport along periodic lattices has been extended from uncoupled beams to those with considerable coupling between the two transverse degrees of freedom. For coupled beams, matching means extension of cell-to-cell periodicity from just transverse envelopes to the coupled beam moments and to quantities being derived from these.
	Slides THA2C3 [1.649 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THA2C3
About •	Received ※ 25 September 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 19 October 2023
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THAFP02	Resonance Extraction Research Based on China Spallation Neutron Source	extraction, sextupole, resonance, kicker	397
	Y.W. An, L. Huang, Z.P. Li, S.Y. Xu, Y.S. Yuan IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	Resonance extraction based on the RCS ring is an important aspect of beam applications. This article proposes a new design of resonance extraction based on the CSNS-RCS ring. By adjusting parameters such as the skew sextupole magnet, beam working point, RF-Kicker, etc., the simulation results from PyOrbit demonstrate the ability to rapidly extract a large number of protons within a few turns.
	Slides THAFP02 [1.497 MB]
	Poster THAFP02 [0.960 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THAFP02
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 01 November 2023
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THBP02	FFA Magnet for Pulsed High Power Proton Driver	proton, software, operation, closed-orbit	436
	J.-B. Lagrange, C.W. Jolly, D.J. Kelliher, A.P. Letchford, S. Machida, I. Rodríguez, C.T. Rogers, J.D. Speed STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom S.J. Brooks BNL, Upton, New York, USA T.-J. Kuo Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
	Fixed Field Alternating gradient (FFA) accelerator is considered as a proton driver for the next generation spallation neutron source (ISIS-II). To demonstrate its suitability for high intensity operation, an FFA proton prototype ring is planned at RAL, called FETS-FFA. The main magnets are a critical part of the machine, and several characteristics of these magnets require attention, such as doublet spiral structure, essential operational flexibility in terms of machine optics and control of the fringe field extent from the nonlinear optics point of view. This paper will discuss the design of the prototype magnet for FETS-FFA ring.
	Poster THBP02 [5.871 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP02
About •	Received ※ 02 October 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 12 October 2023 — Issued ※ 23 October 2023
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THBP24	RCS and Accumulator Rings Designs for ISIS II	injection, space-charge, proton, emittance	519
	D.J. Adams STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom H.V. Cavanagh, I.S.K. Gardner, B.S. Kyle, H. Rafique, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	ISIS is the spallation neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK, which provides 0.2 MW of beam power via a 50 Hz, 800 MeV proton RCS. Detailed studies are now underway to find the optimal configuration for a next generation, short-pulsed neutron source that will define a major ISIS upgrade, with construction beginning ~2031. Determining the optimal specification for such a facility is the subject of an ongoing study involving neutron users, target and instrument experts. The accelerator designs being considered for the MW beam powers required, include proposals exploiting FFA rings as well as conventional accumulator and RCS rings. This paper summarises work on physics designs for the conventional rings. Details of lattice designs, injection and extraction systems, correction systems as well as detailed 3D PIC simulations used to ensure 0.1% losses and low foil hits are presented. Designs for a 0.4 to 1.2 GeV RCS and 1.2 GeV AR are outlined. Work on the next stages of the study are also summarised to benchmark and minimise predicted losses, and thus maximise the high intensity limit of designs.
	Poster THBP24 [3.231 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP24
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023
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THBP27	Experimental Investigation of Nonlinear Integrable Optics in a Paul Trap	octupole, resonance, experiment, space-charge	523
	J.A.D. Flowerdew University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom S.L. Sheehy STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by Royal Society grants Octupoles are often used to damp beam instabilities caused by space charge. However, in general the insertion of octupole magnets leads to a nonintegrable lattice which reduces the area of stable particle motion. One proposed solution to this problem is Quasi-Integrable Optics (QIO), where the octupoles are inserted between a specially designed lattice called a T-insert. An octupole with a strength that scales as 1/β³(s) is applied in the drift region to create a time-independent octupole field, leading to a lattice with an invariant Hamiltonian. This means that large tune spreads can be achieved without reducing the dynamic aperture. IBEX is a Paul trap which confines low energy ions with an RF voltage, simulating the transverse dynamics of an alternating gradient accelerator. IBEX has recently undergone an upgrade to allow for octupole fields to be created in the trap in addition to quadrupole focusing. We present our first experimental results from testing QIO with the IBEX trap. jake.flowerdew@physics.ox.ac.uk
	Poster THBP27 [4.163 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP27
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 31 October 2023
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THBP28	A Phase Trombone for the Fermilab PIP-II Beam Transfer Line	booster, linac, injection, collimation	527
	M. Xiao, D.E. Johnson, J.-F. Ostiguy Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The PIP-II beam transfer line (BTL) transports the beam from the PIP-II Linac to the Booster synchrotron ring. A crucial aspect of the BTL design is the collimation system which play a vital role in removing large ampli-tude particles that may otherwise miss the horizontal and vertical edges of the foil at the point of injection into the Booster. To ensure the effectiveness of the collimators, simulations were conducted to determine optimal place-ment within the BTL. These simulations revealed that precise control of the accumulated phase advances be-tween the collimators and the foil is critical. To achieve fine-tuning of the phase advance, a phase trombone was incorporated within the BTL. This paper presents the design and implementation details of this phase trom-bone
	Poster THBP28 [0.798 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP28
About •	Received ※ 20 September 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 30 October 2023
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THBP30	Linear Modelling and Lattice Correction from Betatron Phase Measurements at the Fermilab Recycler NOvA Ring	betatron, dipole, storage-ring, quadrupole	534
	M. Xiao, R. Ainsworth, K.J. Hazelwood, M.-J. Yang Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Utilizing the measurement of coherent betatron oscilla-tion phase has emerged as a fast and precise approach for identifying and rectifying errors in achieving a desired lattice in CESR (Cornell Electron Storage Ring), using TAO analysis program and BMAD subroutines. One key advantage of betatron phase measurement over ¿ meas-urement is its sensitivity to phase variations between detectors. This software package has been successfully implemented for the Recycler Ring at Fermilab, with the adaptation of different hardware installations. By em-ploying this technique, a linear model of the bare Recy-cler ring was established, enabling the correction of quadrupole errors.
	Poster THBP30 [1.476 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP30
About •	Received ※ 19 September 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 27 October 2023
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THBP32	Xobjects and Xdeps: Low-Level Libraries Empowering Beam Dynamics Simulations	simulation, GPU, target, interface	543
	S. Łopaciuk, R. De Maria, G. Iadarola CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Xobjects and Xdeps are Python libraries included in the Xsuite beam dynamics simulation software package. These libraries are crucial to achieving two of the main goals of Xsuite: speed and ease of use. Xobjects allows users to run simulations on various hardware in a platform-agnostic way: with little user intervention single- and multi-threading is supported as well as GPU computations using both CUDA and OpenCL. Xdeps provides support for deferred expressions in Xsuite. Relations among simulation parameters and functions driving properties of lattice elements can be defined or indeed imported from other tools such as MAD-X and then easily updated before or during the simulation.
	Poster THBP32 [0.266 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP32
About •	Received ※ 21 September 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 17 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOA3I3

High-Power Targetry and the IMPACT Initiative at Paul Scherrer Institute

target, radiation, operation, proton

30

D.C. Kiselev
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

The main challenges to operate a high-power target are dissipation of the heat and radiation damage. The latter refers to the damage of the material. Since the breakdown of the material depends on the operation temperature and other conditions, like the material treatment before irradiation, it is difficult to predict. To reduce failures, target operation parameters and beam properties have to be monitored carefully. After the failure of the neutron spallation target (SINQ) in 2016, several improvements in the HIPA (High intensity Proton Accelerator) beam line at PSI and the target installation were implemented. However, MW beams are not a prerequisite for the need of high power targets. This is the case at one of the two new target stations within the IMPACT initiative at PSI. One target station will produce radionuclides for research in cancer therapy, while the other will improve the surface muon rate by a factor of 100 for experiments in particle and material physics. In this presentation, strategies for successful operation of high-power targets are shown. Furthermore, the IMPACT initiative at PSI, with focus on the two planned target stations, will be presented.

Slides MOA3I3 [4.909 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-MOA3I3

About •

Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 20 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOA4I1

Design of a Fixed-Field Accelerating Ring for High Power Applications

injection, extraction, synchrotron, resonance

38

S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

A fixed field accelerating ring (FFA) has some advantage to achieve high beam power over conventional ring accelerators. It would be also a sustainable option as future proton drivers. We will discuss the design of an FFA taking a future upgrade plan of ISIS (ISIS-II) as an example.

Slides MOA4I1 [14.313 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-MOA4I1

About •

Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 15 October 2023 — Issued ※ 21 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUA2I1

Xsuite: An Integrated Beam Physics Simulation Framework

simulation, optics, space-charge, radiation

73

G. Iadarola, A. Abramov, X. Buffat, R. De Maria, D. Demetriadou, L. Deniau, P.D. Hermes, P. Kicsiny, P.M. Kruyt, A. Latina, S. Łopaciuk, L. Mether, K. Paraschou, T. Pieloni, G. Sterbini, F.F. Van der Veken
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
P. Belanger
UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
D. Di Croce, M. Seidel, L. van Riesen-Haupt
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
P.J. Niedermayer
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Xsuite is a newly developed modular simulation package combining in a single flexible and modern framework the capabilities of different tools developed at CERN in the past decades, notably Sixtrack, Sixtracklib, COMBI and PyHEADTAIL. The suite is made of a set of python modules (Xobjects, Xparts, Xtrack, Xcoll, Xfields, Xdpes) that can be flexibly combined together and with other accelerator-specific and general-purpose python tools to study complex simulation scenarios. The code allows for symplectic modeling of the particle dynamics, combined with the effect of synchrotron radiation, impedances, feedbacks, space charge, electron cloud, beam-beam, beamstrahlung, electron lenses. For collimation studies, beam-matter interaction is simulated using the K2 scattering model or interfacing Xsuite with the BDSIM/Geant4 library. Tools are available to compute the accelerator optics functions from the tracking model and to generate particle distributions matched to the optics. Different computing platforms are supported, including conventional CPUs, as well as GPUs from different vendors.

Slides TUA2I1 [4.388 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA2I1

About •

Received ※ 30 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUC2C2

Evaluating PyORBIT as Unified Simulation Tool for Beam-Dynamics Modeling of the ESS Linac

simulation, DTL, EPICS, space-charge

102

J.F. Esteban Müller, Y. Levinsen, N. Milas, C.Z. Zlatanov
ESS, Lund, Sweden
A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

The design of the ESS proton linac was supported by the simulation code TraceWin, a closed-source commercial software for accurate multiparticle simulations. Conversely, the high-level physics applications used for beam commissioning and machine tuning rely on the Open XAL framework and its online model for fast envelope simulations. In this paper, we evaluate PyORBIT for both online modeling of the linac for machine commissioning and tuning as well as for more accurate offline simulations for beam-dynamics studies. We present the modifications done to the code to adapt it to this use case, namely porting the code to Python 3, adding an envelope tracker, and integrating with the EPICS control systems. Finally, we show the results of benchmarking PyORBIT against our current modeling tools.

Slides TUC2C2 [0.886 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2C2

About •

Received ※ 08 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 14 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUA4C1

Recent Progress in Loss Control for the ISIS High-Intensity RCS: Geodetic Modelling, Tune Control, and Optimisation

controls, operation, survey, quadrupole

153

H. Rafique, E.K. Bansal, H.V. Cavanagh, C.M. Warsop
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

ISIS operates a high intensity 50 Hz rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS), accelerating up to 3 x 10¹³ protons from 70 to 800 MeV. Protons are delivered to one muon and two neutron targets over two target stations, totalling 0.2 MW of beam power, enabling around 1000 experiments for approximately 3500 users a year. Minimisation of beam loss and optimisation of its control are central to achieving the best facility performance with minimal machine activation. We summarise recent work aimed at improving loss control in the RCS. Using geodetic survey data we aim to develop lattice models with realistic magnet alignment errors in cpymad. Building on recent measurement campaigns a new and improved system of tune control has been developed and verified using enhanced lattice models with cpymad. More rigorous and quantitative measures of beam loss have been implemented in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) using the QT GUI toolkit python interface PyQT5, and streaming data using the messaging protocol MQTT, in order to optimise loss control.

Slides TUA4C1 [6.044 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA4C1

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Received ※ 28 September 2023 — Revised ※ 13 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 16 October 2023 — Issued ※ 29 October 2023

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TUA4C2

Application of Programmable Trim Quadrupoles in Beam Commissioning of CSNS/RCS

quadrupole, neutron, MMI, injection

158

Y. Li, C.D. Deng, S.Y. Xu
DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
Y.W. An, X. Qi, S. Wang, Y.S. Yuan
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
H.Y. Liu
IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) achieved its design power of 100 kW in 2020 and is currently stably operating at 140 kW after a series of measures. In the process of increasing beam power, 16 programmable trim quadrupoles were installed in the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) of CSNS to enable rapid variation of tunes, effective adjustment of Twiss parameters, and restoration of lattice superperiodicity through the machine cycle. This paper provides a detailed introduction to the design of the trim quadrupoles and preliminary results of the machine study. The beam experiments show that the trim quadrupoles play a crucial role in increasing beam power after exceeding 100 kW.

Slides TUA4C2 [4.136 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA4C2

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Received ※ 27 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023

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WEA4C1

Beam Loss Studies in the CSNS Linac

linac, DTL, emittance, operation

297

J. Peng, X.Y. Feng, Y. Han, H.C. Liu, X.B. Luo
IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
S. Fu, M.Y. Huang, Y. Li, Z.P. Li, X. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Yuan
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
S.Y. Xu
DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China

The China Spallation Neutron Source¿CSNS¿accelerator comprises an 80MeV linac and a 1.6GeV rapid cycling synchrotron. It started operation in 2018, and the beam power delivered to the target has increased from 20kW to 140kW, step by step. Various beam loss studies have been performed through the accelerator to improve the beam power and availability. For the CSNS linac, the primary source of the beam loss is the halo generated by beam mismatches. In the upgrade plan of the CSNS, the beam current will increase five times, which requires more strict beam loss control. Much work is done during the design phase to keep the loss down to 1W/m of loss limit. This paper will report results obtained from beam experiments and optimization methods applied to the CSNS linac upgrade design.

Slides WEA4C1 [3.736 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-WEA4C1

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Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023

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THA1I3

Predominantly Electric Storage Ring with Nuclear Spin Control Capability

storage-ring, scattering, experiment, proton

338

R.M. Talman
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

A predominantly electric storage ring with weak superimposed magnetic bending is shown to be capable of storing two different nuclear isotope bunches, such as helion and deuteron, co-traveling with different velocities on the same central orbit. ‘‘Rear-end’’ collisions occurring periodically in a full acceptance particle detector/polarimeter, allow the (previously inaccessible) direct measurement of the spin dependence of nuclear transmutation for center of mass (CM) kinetic energies ranging from hundreds of keV up toward pion production thresholds. These are ‘‘rear-end collisions’’ occurring as faster stored bunches pass through slower bunches. An inexpensive facility capable of meeting these requirements is described, with nuclear channel h + d arrow α + p as example.

Slides THA1I3 [0.860 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THA1I3

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Received ※ 07 December 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 December 2023 — Issued ※ 25 December 2023

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THA2C3

Periodic Solution for Transport of Intense and Coupled Coasting Beams Through Quadrupole Channels

solenoid, coupling, space-charge, quadrupole

372

C. Xiao, L. Groening
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Imposing defined spinning to a particle beam increases its stability against perturbations from space charge [Y.-L. Cheon et al., Effects of beam spinning on the fourth-order particle resonance of 3D bunched beams in high intensity linear accelerators, Phys. Rev. Accel. & Beams 25, 064002 (2022)]. In order to fully explore this potential, proper matching of intense coupled beams along regular lattices is mandatory. Herein, a novel procedure assuming matched transport is described and bench-marked through simulations. The concept of matched transport along periodic lattices has been extended from uncoupled beams to those with considerable coupling between the two transverse degrees of freedom. For coupled beams, matching means extension of cell-to-cell periodicity from just transverse envelopes to the coupled beam moments and to quantities being derived from these.

Slides THA2C3 [1.649 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THA2C3

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Received ※ 25 September 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 19 October 2023

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THAFP02

Resonance Extraction Research Based on China Spallation Neutron Source

extraction, sextupole, resonance, kicker

397

Y.W. An, L. Huang, Z.P. Li, S.Y. Xu, Y.S. Yuan
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

Resonance extraction based on the RCS ring is an important aspect of beam applications. This article proposes a new design of resonance extraction based on the CSNS-RCS ring. By adjusting parameters such as the skew sextupole magnet, beam working point, RF-Kicker, etc., the simulation results from PyOrbit demonstrate the ability to rapidly extract a large number of protons within a few turns.

Slides THAFP02 [1.497 MB]

Poster THAFP02 [0.960 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THAFP02

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Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 01 November 2023

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THBP02

FFA Magnet for Pulsed High Power Proton Driver

proton, software, operation, closed-orbit

436

J.-B. Lagrange, C.W. Jolly, D.J. Kelliher, A.P. Letchford, S. Machida, I. Rodríguez, C.T. Rogers, J.D. Speed
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
S.J. Brooks
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
T.-J. Kuo
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom

Fixed Field Alternating gradient (FFA) accelerator is considered as a proton driver for the next generation spallation neutron source (ISIS-II). To demonstrate its suitability for high intensity operation, an FFA proton prototype ring is planned at RAL, called FETS-FFA. The main magnets are a critical part of the machine, and several characteristics of these magnets require attention, such as doublet spiral structure, essential operational flexibility in terms of machine optics and control of the fringe field extent from the nonlinear optics point of view. This paper will discuss the design of the prototype magnet for FETS-FFA ring.

Poster THBP02 [5.871 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP02

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Received ※ 02 October 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 12 October 2023 — Issued ※ 23 October 2023

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THBP24

RCS and Accumulator Rings Designs for ISIS II

injection, space-charge, proton, emittance

519

D.J. Adams
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
H.V. Cavanagh, I.S.K. Gardner, B.S. Kyle, H. Rafique, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

ISIS is the spallation neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK, which provides 0.2 MW of beam power via a 50 Hz, 800 MeV proton RCS. Detailed studies are now underway to find the optimal configuration for a next generation, short-pulsed neutron source that will define a major ISIS upgrade, with construction beginning ~2031. Determining the optimal specification for such a facility is the subject of an ongoing study involving neutron users, target and instrument experts. The accelerator designs being considered for the MW beam powers required, include proposals exploiting FFA rings as well as conventional accumulator and RCS rings. This paper summarises work on physics designs for the conventional rings. Details of lattice designs, injection and extraction systems, correction systems as well as detailed 3D PIC simulations used to ensure 0.1% losses and low foil hits are presented. Designs for a 0.4 to 1.2 GeV RCS and 1.2 GeV AR are outlined. Work on the next stages of the study are also summarised to benchmark and minimise predicted losses, and thus maximise the high intensity limit of designs.

Poster THBP24 [3.231 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP24

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Received ※ 28 September 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023

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THBP27

Experimental Investigation of Nonlinear Integrable Optics in a Paul Trap

octupole, resonance, experiment, space-charge

523

J.A.D. Flowerdew
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
S.L. Sheehy
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by Royal Society grants
Octupoles are often used to damp beam instabilities caused by space charge. However, in general the insertion of octupole magnets leads to a nonintegrable lattice which reduces the area of stable particle motion. One proposed solution to this problem is Quasi-Integrable Optics (QIO), where the octupoles are inserted between a specially designed lattice called a T-insert. An octupole with a strength that scales as 1/β³(s) is applied in the drift region to create a time-independent octupole field, leading to a lattice with an invariant Hamiltonian. This means that large tune spreads can be achieved without reducing the dynamic aperture. IBEX is a Paul trap which confines low energy ions with an RF voltage, simulating the transverse dynamics of an alternating gradient accelerator. IBEX has recently undergone an upgrade to allow for octupole fields to be created in the trap in addition to quadrupole focusing. We present our first experimental results from testing QIO with the IBEX trap.
jake.flowerdew@physics.ox.ac.uk

Poster THBP27 [4.163 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP27

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Received ※ 30 September 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 31 October 2023

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THBP28

A Phase Trombone for the Fermilab PIP-II Beam Transfer Line

booster, linac, injection, collimation

527

M. Xiao, D.E. Johnson, J.-F. Ostiguy
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The PIP-II beam transfer line (BTL) transports the beam from the PIP-II Linac to the Booster synchrotron ring. A crucial aspect of the BTL design is the collimation system which play a vital role in removing large ampli-tude particles that may otherwise miss the horizontal and vertical edges of the foil at the point of injection into the Booster. To ensure the effectiveness of the collimators, simulations were conducted to determine optimal place-ment within the BTL. These simulations revealed that precise control of the accumulated phase advances be-tween the collimators and the foil is critical. To achieve fine-tuning of the phase advance, a phase trombone was incorporated within the BTL. This paper presents the design and implementation details of this phase trom-bone

Poster THBP28 [0.798 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP28

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Received ※ 20 September 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 30 October 2023

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THBP30

Linear Modelling and Lattice Correction from Betatron Phase Measurements at the Fermilab Recycler NOvA Ring

betatron, dipole, storage-ring, quadrupole

534

M. Xiao, R. Ainsworth, K.J. Hazelwood, M.-J. Yang
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Utilizing the measurement of coherent betatron oscilla-tion phase has emerged as a fast and precise approach for identifying and rectifying errors in achieving a desired lattice in CESR (Cornell Electron Storage Ring), using TAO analysis program and BMAD subroutines. One key advantage of betatron phase measurement over ¿ meas-urement is its sensitivity to phase variations between detectors. This software package has been successfully implemented for the Recycler Ring at Fermilab, with the adaptation of different hardware installations. By em-ploying this technique, a linear model of the bare Recy-cler ring was established, enabling the correction of quadrupole errors.

Poster THBP30 [1.476 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP30

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Received ※ 19 September 2023 — Revised ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 27 October 2023

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THBP32

Xobjects and Xdeps: Low-Level Libraries Empowering Beam Dynamics Simulations

simulation, GPU, target, interface

543

S. Łopaciuk, R. De Maria, G. Iadarola
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Xobjects and Xdeps are Python libraries included in the Xsuite beam dynamics simulation software package. These libraries are crucial to achieving two of the main goals of Xsuite: speed and ease of use. Xobjects allows users to run simulations on various hardware in a platform-agnostic way: with little user intervention single- and multi-threading is supported as well as GPU computations using both CUDA and OpenCL. Xdeps provides support for deferred expressions in Xsuite. Relations among simulation parameters and functions driving properties of lattice elements can be defined or indeed imported from other tools such as MAD-X and then easily updated before or during the simulation.

Poster THBP32 [0.266 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP32

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Received ※ 21 September 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 17 October 2023

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