HB2023 - List of Keywords (DTL)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
TUC2I2	SNS Linac Beam Dynamics: What We Understand, and What We Don’t	cavity, linac, MEBT, operation	91
	A.P. Shishlo ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. At this moment, the Spallation Neutron Source linac accelerates H⁻ ions to 1.05 GeV before they injected into the ring. The beam power on the target is 1.7 MW. The linac includes three main parts - a front-end with ion source, RFQ, and Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) section; a normal temperature linac with Drift Tube Linac (DTL) and Coupled Cavities Linac (CCL); and superconducting linac (SCL). The linac has been in operation since it was commissioned in 2005. This talk discusses the results of beam dynamics studies, existing diagnostic devices, simulation codes and models used in analysis, development and results of linac tuning procedures, and beam loss reduction efforts performed at the SNS linac for 18 years. Considerations about future beam physics experiments and simulations software improvements are presented.
	Slides TUC2I2 [1.814 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2I2
About •	Received ※ 29 September 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 25 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUC2C1	Beam Physics Simulation Studies of 70 Mev ISIS Injector Linac	linac, simulation, operation, MEBT	97
	S.A. Ahmadiannamin, H.V. Cavanagh, S.R. Lawrie, A.P. Letchford STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS neutron spallation source is a pioneering research infrastructure in the field of high intensity accelerator physics, catering to scientific users. Comprising a 70 MeV injector linac and an 800 MeV Rapid cycling synchrotron with two beam targets, this facility has witnessed significant upgrades in recent years, leading to enhanced transmission efficiency. Further optimization efforts are underway to ensure continuous improvement. This article focuses on beam physics simulation studies conducted on the current ISIS linac, aiming to gain a deeper understanding and analysis of various phenomena observed during routine operations and accelerator physics experimentation. By examining these phenomena, valuable insights can be obtained to inform the future development of high efficiency injector of ISIS-II.
	Slides TUC2C1 [6.467 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2C1
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUC2C2	Evaluating PyORBIT as Unified Simulation Tool for Beam-Dynamics Modeling of the ESS Linac	lattice, simulation, EPICS, space-charge	102
	J.F. Esteban Müller, Y. Levinsen, N. Milas, C.Z. Zlatanov ESS, Lund, Sweden A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	The design of the ESS proton linac was supported by the simulation code TraceWin, a closed-source commercial software for accurate multiparticle simulations. Conversely, the high-level physics applications used for beam commissioning and machine tuning rely on the Open XAL framework and its online model for fast envelope simulations. In this paper, we evaluate PyORBIT for both online modeling of the linac for machine commissioning and tuning as well as for more accurate offline simulations for beam-dynamics studies. We present the modifications done to the code to adapt it to this use case, namely porting the code to Python 3, adding an envelope tracker, and integrating with the EPICS control systems. Finally, we show the results of benchmarking PyORBIT against our current modeling tools.
	Slides TUC2C2 [0.886 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2C2
About •	Received ※ 08 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 14 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUA3I3	ESS Normal Conducting Linac Commissioning Results	MMI, MEBT, linac, LEBT	118
	Y. Levinsen, M.E. Eshraqi, N. Milas, R. Miyamoto, D. Noll ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The European Spallation Source is designed to be the world’s brightest neutron source once in operation, driven by a 5 MW proton linac. The linac consists of a normal conducting front end followed by a superconducting linac. The normal conducting part has been commissioned in several stages, with the latest stage involving all but one DTL tank now in 2023. During this commissioning period, we successfully transported a 50 us pulse of the nominal 62.5 mA beam current. We will present an overview of the commissioning results, with a focus on what we achieved in this latest stage.
	Slides TUA3I3 [31.400 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA3I3
About •	Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Revised ※ 11 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 15 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA3C2	Benchmarking of PATH and RF-Track in the Simulation of Linac4	space-charge, linac, simulation, emittance	249
	G. Bellodi, J.-B. Lallement, A. Latina, A.M. Lombardi CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	A benchmarking campaign has been initiated to compare PATH and RF-Track in modelling high-intensity, low-energy hadron beams. The development of extra functionalities in RF-Track was required to handle an unbunched beam from the source and to ease the user interface. The Linac4 RFQ and downstream accelerating structures were adopted as test case scenarios. This paper will give an overview of the results obtained so far and plans for future code development.
	Slides WEA3C2 [4.809 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-WEA3C2
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 18 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA4C1	Beam Loss Studies in the CSNS Linac	linac, emittance, operation, lattice	297
	J. Peng, X.Y. Feng, Y. Han, H.C. Liu, X.B. Luo IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China S. Fu, M.Y. Huang, Y. Li, Z.P. Li, X. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Yuan IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China S.Y. Xu DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
	The China Spallation Neutron Source¿CSNS¿accelerator comprises an 80MeV linac and a 1.6GeV rapid cycling synchrotron. It started operation in 2018, and the beam power delivered to the target has increased from 20kW to 140kW, step by step. Various beam loss studies have been performed through the accelerator to improve the beam power and availability. For the CSNS linac, the primary source of the beam loss is the halo generated by beam mismatches. In the upgrade plan of the CSNS, the beam current will increase five times, which requires more strict beam loss control. Much work is done during the design phase to keep the loss down to 1W/m of loss limit. This paper will report results obtained from beam experiments and optimization methods applied to the CSNS linac upgrade design.
	Slides WEA4C1 [3.736 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-WEA4C1
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRC1I1	The Beam Destinations for the Commissioning of the ESS High Power Normal Conducting Linac	proton, MMI, linac, LEBT	643
	E.M. Donegani, V. Grishin, E. Laface, C. Neto, A. Olsson, L. Page, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden V.V. Bertrand PANTECHNIK, Bayeux, France I. Bustinduy ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain M. Ruelas RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
	At the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund (Sweden), the commissioning of the high-power normal conducting linac started in 2018. This paper deals with the beam destinations for the commissioning phases with initially the proton source and LEBT, then the MEBT and lately four DTL sections. The beam destinations were designed to withstand the ESS commissioning beam modes (with proton current up to 62.5mA, pulse length up to 50E-6s and repetition rates up to 14Hz). The EPICS-based control system allows measurements of the proton current and pulse length in real-time; it controls the motion and the power suppliers, and it also monitors the water cooling systems. Special focus will be on the results of thermo-mechanical simulations in MCNP/ANSYS to ensure safe absorption and dissipation of the volumetric power-deposition. The devices’ materials were chosen not only to cope with the high-power proton-beam, but also to be vacuum-compatible, to minimize the activation of the beam destinations themselves and the residual dose nearby. The results of neutronics simulations will be summarized with special focus on the shielding strategy, the operational limits and relocation procedures.
	Slides FRC1I1 [6.348 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-FRC1I1
About •	Received ※ 29 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

TUC2I2

SNS Linac Beam Dynamics: What We Understand, and What We Don’t

cavity, linac, MEBT, operation

91

A.P. Shishlo
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
At this moment, the Spallation Neutron Source linac accelerates H⁻ ions to 1.05 GeV before they injected into the ring. The beam power on the target is 1.7 MW. The linac includes three main parts - a front-end with ion source, RFQ, and Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) section; a normal temperature linac with Drift Tube Linac (DTL) and Coupled Cavities Linac (CCL); and superconducting linac (SCL). The linac has been in operation since it was commissioned in 2005. This talk discusses the results of beam dynamics studies, existing diagnostic devices, simulation codes and models used in analysis, development and results of linac tuning procedures, and beam loss reduction efforts performed at the SNS linac for 18 years. Considerations about future beam physics experiments and simulations software improvements are presented.

Slides TUC2I2 [1.814 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2I2

About •

Received ※ 29 September 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 25 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUC2C1

Beam Physics Simulation Studies of 70 Mev ISIS Injector Linac

linac, simulation, operation, MEBT

97

S.A. Ahmadiannamin, H.V. Cavanagh, S.R. Lawrie, A.P. Letchford
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS neutron spallation source is a pioneering research infrastructure in the field of high intensity accelerator physics, catering to scientific users. Comprising a 70 MeV injector linac and an 800 MeV Rapid cycling synchrotron with two beam targets, this facility has witnessed significant upgrades in recent years, leading to enhanced transmission efficiency. Further optimization efforts are underway to ensure continuous improvement. This article focuses on beam physics simulation studies conducted on the current ISIS linac, aiming to gain a deeper understanding and analysis of various phenomena observed during routine operations and accelerator physics experimentation. By examining these phenomena, valuable insights can be obtained to inform the future development of high efficiency injector of ISIS-II.

Slides TUC2C1 [6.467 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2C1

About •

Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUC2C2

Evaluating PyORBIT as Unified Simulation Tool for Beam-Dynamics Modeling of the ESS Linac

lattice, simulation, EPICS, space-charge

102

J.F. Esteban Müller, Y. Levinsen, N. Milas, C.Z. Zlatanov
ESS, Lund, Sweden
A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

The design of the ESS proton linac was supported by the simulation code TraceWin, a closed-source commercial software for accurate multiparticle simulations. Conversely, the high-level physics applications used for beam commissioning and machine tuning rely on the Open XAL framework and its online model for fast envelope simulations. In this paper, we evaluate PyORBIT for both online modeling of the linac for machine commissioning and tuning as well as for more accurate offline simulations for beam-dynamics studies. We present the modifications done to the code to adapt it to this use case, namely porting the code to Python 3, adding an envelope tracker, and integrating with the EPICS control systems. Finally, we show the results of benchmarking PyORBIT against our current modeling tools.

Slides TUC2C2 [0.886 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUC2C2

About •

Received ※ 08 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 October 2023 — Issued ※ 14 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUA3I3

ESS Normal Conducting Linac Commissioning Results

MMI, MEBT, linac, LEBT

118

Y. Levinsen, M.E. Eshraqi, N. Milas, R. Miyamoto, D. Noll
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The European Spallation Source is designed to be the world’s brightest neutron source once in operation, driven by a 5 MW proton linac. The linac consists of a normal conducting front end followed by a superconducting linac. The normal conducting part has been commissioned in several stages, with the latest stage involving all but one DTL tank now in 2023. During this commissioning period, we successfully transported a 50 us pulse of the nominal 62.5 mA beam current. We will present an overview of the commissioning results, with a focus on what we achieved in this latest stage.

Slides TUA3I3 [31.400 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-TUA3I3

About •

Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Revised ※ 11 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 15 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA3C2

Benchmarking of PATH and RF-Track in the Simulation of Linac4

space-charge, linac, simulation, emittance

249

G. Bellodi, J.-B. Lallement, A. Latina, A.M. Lombardi
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

A benchmarking campaign has been initiated to compare PATH and RF-Track in modelling high-intensity, low-energy hadron beams. The development of extra functionalities in RF-Track was required to handle an unbunched beam from the source and to ease the user interface. The Linac4 RFQ and downstream accelerating structures were adopted as test case scenarios. This paper will give an overview of the results obtained so far and plans for future code development.

Slides WEA3C2 [4.809 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-WEA3C2

About •

Received ※ 27 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 18 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA4C1

Beam Loss Studies in the CSNS Linac

linac, emittance, operation, lattice

297

J. Peng, X.Y. Feng, Y. Han, H.C. Liu, X.B. Luo
IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
S. Fu, M.Y. Huang, Y. Li, Z.P. Li, X. Liu, S. Wang, Y. Yuan
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
S.Y. Xu
DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China

The China Spallation Neutron Source¿CSNS¿accelerator comprises an 80MeV linac and a 1.6GeV rapid cycling synchrotron. It started operation in 2018, and the beam power delivered to the target has increased from 20kW to 140kW, step by step. Various beam loss studies have been performed through the accelerator to improve the beam power and availability. For the CSNS linac, the primary source of the beam loss is the halo generated by beam mismatches. In the upgrade plan of the CSNS, the beam current will increase five times, which requires more strict beam loss control. Much work is done during the design phase to keep the loss down to 1W/m of loss limit. This paper will report results obtained from beam experiments and optimization methods applied to the CSNS linac upgrade design.

Slides WEA4C1 [3.736 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-WEA4C1

About •

Received ※ 01 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRC1I1

The Beam Destinations for the Commissioning of the ESS High Power Normal Conducting Linac

proton, MMI, linac, LEBT

643

E.M. Donegani, V. Grishin, E. Laface, C. Neto, A. Olsson, L. Page, T.J. Shea
ESS, Lund, Sweden
V.V. Bertrand
PANTECHNIK, Bayeux, France
I. Bustinduy
ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
M. Ruelas
RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA

At the European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund (Sweden), the commissioning of the high-power normal conducting linac started in 2018. This paper deals with the beam destinations for the commissioning phases with initially the proton source and LEBT, then the MEBT and lately four DTL sections. The beam destinations were designed to withstand the ESS commissioning beam modes (with proton current up to 62.5mA, pulse length up to 50E-6s and repetition rates up to 14Hz). The EPICS-based control system allows measurements of the proton current and pulse length in real-time; it controls the motion and the power suppliers, and it also monitors the water cooling systems. Special focus will be on the results of thermo-mechanical simulations in MCNP/ANSYS to ensure safe absorption and dissipation of the volumetric power-deposition. The devices’ materials were chosen not only to cope with the high-power proton-beam, but also to be vacuum-compatible, to minimize the activation of the beam destinations themselves and the residual dose nearby. The results of neutronics simulations will be summarized with special focus on the shielding strategy, the operational limits and relocation procedures.

Slides FRC1I1 [6.348 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-FRC1I1

About •

Received ※ 29 September 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 October 2023 — Issued ※ 13 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)