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@inproceedings{intelisano:hb2023-thbp42, author = {L. Intelisano and H. Damerau and I. Karpov}, title = {{Longitudinal Loss of Landau Damping in Double Harmonic RF Systems below Transition Energy}}, % booktitle = {Proc. HB'23}, booktitle = {Proc. 68th Adv. Beam Dyn. Workshop High-Intensity High-Brightness Hadron Beams (HB'23)}, eventdate = {2023-10-09/2023-10-13}, pages = {575--578}, paper = {THBP42}, language = {english}, keywords = {synchrotron, damping, impedance, space-charge, proton}, venue = {Geneva, Switzerland}, series = {ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity and High-Brightness Hadron Beams}, number = {68}, publisher = {JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland}, month = {04}, year = {2024}, issn = {2673-5571}, isbn = {978-3-95450-253-0}, doi = {10.18429/JACoW-HB2023-THBP42}, url = {https://jacow.org/hb2023/papers/thbp42.pdf}, abstract = {{Landau damping plays a crucial role in ensuring single-bunch stability in hadron synchrotrons. In the longitudinal plane, loss of Landau damping (LLD) occurs when a coherent mode of oscillation moves out of the incoherent synchrotron frequency band. The LLD threshold is studied for a purely inductive impedance below transition energy, specifically considering the common case of double harmonic RF systems operating in counter-phase at the bunch position. The additional focusing force due to beam-induced voltage distorts the potential well, ultimately collapsing the bucket. The limiting conditions for a binomial particle distribution are calculated. Furthermore, the contribution focuses on the configuration of the higher-harmonic RF system at four times the fundamental RF frequency operating in phase. In this case, the LLD threshold shows a non-monotonic behavior with a zero threshold where the derivative of the synchrotron frequency distribution is positive. The findings are obtained employing semi-analytical calculations using the MELODY code.}}, }